JENDELA GLOBAL
NOV 26, 2009. PILIHAN raya umum Filipina pada Mei tahun depan dicemari dengan pembunuhan kejam di Maguindanao, selatan Filipina. Tragedi itu menyebabkan Presiden Gloria Macapagal Arroyo terpaksa mengisytiharkan perintah darurat di dua wilayah dan sebuah bandar.
Ini kali pertama perintah darurat diisytiharkan berkaitan pilihan raya walaupun pada masa lalu pilihan raya Filipina sering dijejaskan dengan keganasan antara tentera peribadi kuasa-kuasa politik tempatan. Pembunuhan di Maguindanao menggambarkan keganasan berkaitan pilihan raya. Ia berlaku di luar lingkungan pertempuran antara tentera kerajaan dengan pejuang pemisah Barisan Pembebasan Islam Moro (MILF) di Mindanao.
Mangsa-mangsa yang maut adalah penduduk Islam dan Kristian. Tiada kumpulan yang dikaitkan dengan MILF dibabitkan dengan pembunuhan itu. Arroyo mengisytiharkan perintah darurat selepas penasihatnya bagi Mindanao, Jesus Dureza mencadangkan langkah luar biasa bagi membubarkan kumpulan bersenjata dan menghalang peningkatan keganasan.
Beliau mengutuk serangan itu dengan menyatakan usaha akan dibuat untuk memburu dalang tragedi berkenaan. "Keganasan seperti itu tidak mempunyai ruang dalam masyarakat bertamadun," katanya.
Pertubuhan hak asasi Amnesty International melaporkan pembunuhan sekurang-kurangnya 21 orang awam termasuk wartawan, anggota keluarga dan penyokong ahli politik tempatan dalam insiden itu. Menurutnya, pembunuhan itu adalah yang pertama dikaitkan dengan pilihan raya pada Mei tahun depan.
Berdasarkan laporan awal, sekumpulan 45 orang diserang hendap dan diculik 100 lelaki bersenjata. Tentera melaporkan penemuan mayat 13 wanita dan lapan lelaki dengan mempunyai kesan tetakan. Laporan-laporan menyatakan konvoi yang disertai isteri Timbalan Datuk Bandar Buluan Esmael Mangudadatu, Genalyn, diserang ketika dalam perjalanan memfailkan pencalonan beliau bagi jawatan Gabenor Maguindanao.
Majlis Islam dan Demokrasi Filipina menyatakan pembunuhan kejam itu menjadikan keadaan di Wilayah Autonomi Islam Mindanao (ARMM) semakin buruk. Pilihan raya di wilayah itu sebelum ini sering dijejaskan dengan insiden keganasan dan penipuan. Pemerhati menyifatkan pembunuhan itu menggambarkan bahaya yang dihadapi orang awam menjelang pilihan raya umum.
Turut menjadi mangsa serangan itu ialah sejumlah wartawan yang membuat liputan mengenai pencalonan Esmael. Jawatankuasa Perlindungan Wartawan (CPJ) yang berpejabat di New York menyatakan tugas membuat liputan sentiasa merbahaya di Filipina. "Tetapi pembunuhan begitu ramai orang menjadikannya sebagai serangan ke atas demokrasi negara itu," katanya.
Kesatuan Wartawan Filipina turut mengutuk pembunuhan itu. "Pembunuhan itu tidak akan menghapuskan keraguan mengenai Filipina sebagai negara paling bahaya bagi wartawan selain Iraq," katanya.
Lebih 38 wartawan Filipina dibunuh kerana tugas yang dilakukan mereka sejak 1992 dan 27 lagi dibunuh kerana pelbagai sebab lain. Pembunuhan di Maguindanao kini meningkatkan kebimbangan bahawa pengisytiharan perintah darurat di kawasan itu boleh menjadi asas untuk mengisytiharkan kegagalan pilihan raya di beberapa kawasan di Filipina.
Penganalisis menyatakan keadaan itu akan membolehkan Presiden mempunyai alasan untuk menangguhkan keputusan dan membuka jalan kepada penipuan undi. (Pelbagai Sumber/AK)
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